Kev paub dav dav ntawm textile fabrics thiab kev txheeb xyuas cov pa luam yeeb

Textile ntaubyog kev qhuab ntuas. Raws li tus neeg yuav khoom zam, txawm hais tias peb tsis tas yuav ua kom paub cov ntaub ntawv paub zoo li cov kws tshaj lij textile, lawv yuav tsum muaj kev paub txog cov ntaub thiab muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas cov ntaub sib xws, nkag siab qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntaub thiab siv tau.

1. Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb

(1) Npuag muaj pes tsawg leeg: Npuag muaj pes tsawg leeg, nrog rau cov khoom siv, tes xav, thiab lwm yam, txiav txim siab tias ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub yog cov ntsiab lus uas cov neeg siv khoom yuav tsum nkag siab thaum yuav khoom, yog li nws tseem ceeb heev.

(2) Cov yam ntxwv tu neeg mob: kev tu ntaub muaj xws li ntxuav, tu, thiab lwm yam., uas yog cov ntsiab lus uas cov neeg siv kawg yuav txhawj xeeb txog. Qee zaum cov neeg siv khoom tso tseg qhov kev yuav khoom vim tias kev saib xyuas nyuaj dhau.

(3) Fabrics thiab knitwear: Vim muaj cov khoom siv sib txawv thiab cov txheej txheem xaws, cov ntaub npuag rau cov khaub ncaws muaj ob pawg hauv qab no:

① Npuag: los ntawm ob lossis ntau pawg ntawm cov xov paj rau ib leeg ntawm lub kaum sab xis, cov xov paj longitudinal hu ua warp, xov paj transverse rov qab los yog hu ua weft. Vim hais tias cov ntaub xov paj sib tshuam ib leeg nyob rau hauv txoj kev ntsug, lub nroog muaj cov khoom ruaj khov, ruaj khov, thiab qis qis qis.

② Knit yam: tus qauv ntawm lub nplhaib xov paj tsim ib lub nplhaib koob, lub nplhaib koob tshiab los ntawm lub koob lub nplhaib dhau los, yog li rov ua dua, uas yog, tsim cov khoom knitting.

(4) Fabric lub koom haum qauv: Cov hauv qab no yog peb qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov ntaub, tseem hu ua lub koom haum yooj yim. Tag nrho lwm lub koom haum los ntawm peb lub koom haum hloov pauv no.

① Flat lub koom haum: lub warp ntawm lub tiaj cov ntaub so ntswg floats thiab weft. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub koom haum tiaj tus yog tias cov tsos mob tshwm sim ntawm ob sab ntawm cov ntaub yog tib yam, thiab qhov chaw tiaj tus, yog li nws yog hu ua lub koom haum tiaj tus. Kev ntxhib los mos ntawm cov ntaub dawb yog ruaj, nws qhov tsis zoo yog xav tias nyuaj, tus qauv yog monotonous.

② Twill cov ntaub so ntswg: cov ntaub so ntswg taw tes ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg twill yog ib tug nruam qaij qauv. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg twill yog tias cov ntaub muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm pem hauv ntej thiab qhov tsis zoo, uas yog nruj thiab tuab dua li ntaub tiaj tus, nrog zoo dua luster thiab muag muag. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm tib lub thickness thiab ceev ntawm warp ft, nws firmness yog tsawg dua li ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg tiaj tus.

③ Satin lub koom haum: Satin lub koom haum yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm peb cov ntaub so ntswg qub. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg satin yog: cov ntaub nto yog du, tag nrho ntawm luster, kev ntxhib los mos yog mos, tab sis piv nrog cov ntaub so ntswg tiaj tus, twill ntaub, yooj yim rau sab nraud kev sib txhuam thiab cov plaub hau, thiab txawm puas. Lub koom haum grain yog tsuas yog siv rau kev hnav khaub ncaws khoom.

(5) Npuag hnyav: -feem ntau nrog gram hnyav ib square meter, hais txog qhov hnyav ntawm cov ntaub, yog qhia lub thickness ntawm cov ntaub index. Raws li tus neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum nkag siab txog qhov hnyav hnyav ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij ntuj sov cov pa luam yeeb (tsuas yog knitted fabrics) thiab qhov hnyav ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab lub caij ntuj no cov pa luam yeeb.

2. Kev faib tawm ntawm textile fibers

Textile fiber ntau yog muab faib ua ntuj fiber ntau thiab tshuaj fiber ntau.

(1) Ntuj fibers: hais txog cov textile fibers tau los ntawm cov nroj tsuag lossis tsiaj txhu. Muaj cov nroj tsuag fibers (paj rwb, hemp) thiab tsiaj fibers (cov plaub hau, txhob lo lo ntxhuav).

(2) Tshuaj fiber ntau: nws tau muab faib ua peb pawg hauv qab no:

① Recycled fiber: fiber ntau ua los ntawm ntuj cellulose fiber. Rayon, rayon thiab faux plaub hau yog tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem no.

② Synthetic fiber ntau: feem ntau siv polyester, acrylic, nylon, polypropylene, chlorine fiber belongs rau pawg no.

③ Inorganic fiber: silicate fiber, hlau fiber uas yog nyob rau hauv pawg no,

3. Kev nkag siab zoo ntawm cov ntaub

Cov hauv qab no yog cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntaub siv feem ntau thiab cov txheej txheem kev txheeb xyuas.

(1) Paj rwb:

① Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb:

ib. Muaj zog noo noo nqus.

b. Cov ntaub paj rwb tsis ruaj tsis khov rau inorganic acids.

c. Lub sij hawm ntev raug rau lub hnub ci thiab qhov chaw, cov ntaub paj rwb tuaj yeem ua rau cov nyhuv oxidation qeeb, txo qis.

d. Microorganisms, pwm thiab lwm yam paj rwb ntaub.

② qhov zoo tshaj plaws:

A, daim ntaub nto muaj mos luster thiab muag muag.

(5) Npuag gram hnyav (Nyob qhov hnyav): -feem ntau nrog gram hnyav ib square meter, hais txog qhov hnyav ntawm ib square meter ntawm ntaub, yog qhia lub thickness ntawm cov ntaub index. Raws li tus neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum nkag siab txog qhov hnyav hnyav ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij ntuj sov cov pa luam yeeb (tsuas yog knitted fabrics) thiab qhov hnyav ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab lub caij ntuj no cov pa luam yeeb.

2. Kev faib tawm ntawm textile fibers

Textile fiber ntau yog muab faib ua ntuj fiber ntau thiab tshuaj fiber ntau.

(1) Natural fibers: yog hais txog textile fibers tau los ntawm cov nroj tsuag lossis tsiaj txhu. Muaj cov nroj tsuag fibers (paj rwb, hemp) thiab tsiaj fibers (cov plaub hau, txhob lo lo ntxhuav).

(2) Tshuaj fiber ntau: nws tau muab faib ua peb pawg hauv qab no:

① Recycled fiber: fiber ntau ua los ntawm ntuj cellulose fiber. Rayon, rayon thiab faux plaub hau yog tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem no.

② Synthetic fiber ntau: feem ntau siv polyester, acrylic, nylon, polypropylene, chlorine fiber belongs rau pawg no.

③ Inorganic fiber: silicate fiber, hlau fiber uas yog nyob rau hauv pawg no,

3. Kev nkag siab zoo ntawm cov ntaub

Cov hauv qab no yog cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntaub siv feem ntau thiab cov txheej txheem kev txheeb xyuas.

(1) Paj rwb:

① Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb:

ib. Muaj zog noo noo nqus.

b. Cov ntaub paj rwb tsis ruaj tsis khov rau inorganic acids.

c. Lub sij hawm ntev raug rau lub hnub ci thiab qhov chaw, cov ntaub paj rwb tuaj yeem ua rau cov nyhuv oxidation qeeb, txo qis.

d. Microorganisms, pwm thiab lwm yam paj rwb ntaub.

② qhov zoo tshaj plaws:

A, daim ntaub nto muaj mos luster thiab muag muag.

f. Kub kub resistant, yuav siv tau rau high kub ironing.

⑥ Cov khoom tseem ceeb sib xyaw:

ib. Scoy paj rwb: daim ntaub nto luster yog mos thiab ci, ci xim, du thiab du, muag muag, tsis zoo elasticity. Tom qab pinching daim ntaub nrog tes, pom tseeb crease yuav pom, thiab crease tsis yooj yim rau ploj.

B, polyester paj rwb: cov luster yog ci dua li cov paj rwb ntshiab, daim ntaub du, huv si yam tsis muaj xov paj taub hau lossis impurities. Xav tias du, nkig elasticity dua li ntaub paj rwb ntshiab. Tom qab pinching daim ntaub, lub crease tsis pom tseeb, thiab yooj yim los kho qhov qub qub.