Dyeing Thiab Fiav Txheej Txheem (1)

Kev xaiv ntawm dyeing thiab cov txheej txheem ua tiav yog feem ntau yog raws ntau yam, cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb thiab cov khoom lag luam tiav ntawm cov ntaub, uas tuaj yeem muab faib ua kev kho mob ua ntej,xim ntsesg, luam ntawv, tom qab ua tiav thiab lwm yam.

Kev Kho Mob Ua Ntej

Ntuj fibers muaj cov txheej txheem ua lag luam, hauv cov txheej txheem textile thiab ntxiv cov slurry, cov roj thiab ua tiav cov txheej txheem ua tiav, tab sis tseem cuam tshuam rau cov hnav kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov ntaub.

Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kho mob ua ntej yog siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab ua kom zoo rau cov ntaub ntawv, thiab muaj cov khoom siv dawb, thiab muaj cov khoom lag luam zoo kom tau raws li cov ntaub ntawv, thiab muaj cov khoom siv zoo tsim nyog rau Dyeing, luam ntawv thiab sau tiav.

Ntaub paj: Cov ntaub nyias nyias npaj, kev ua si, kev tiv thaiv, txhawm, tshuaj dawb, muaj zog. Polyester: Kev npaj daim ntaub, ua kom zoo (kua alkali, thiab lwm yam), preshrinking, reskments, kua alkali, thiab lwm yam).

Hu nkauj

Feem ntau, tom qab nkag mus rau lub tshuab luam ntawv thiab dyeing Hoobkas los ntawm Textile Mill, cov ntaub grey yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas, muab luam, luam ntawv thiab xaws, thiab tom qab ntawd Singed.

Vim li cas:

(1) ntawm daim ntaub uas tsis hu nkauj ntau dhau, ntev ntev;

(2) kev ua tiav yog kev ua tsis zoo, muaj kev paug yooj yim;

(3) Hauv kab lus Zhongyi Wool Dyeing thiab xov, luam ntawv thiab zowing tsis xws luag.

Lub Hom Phiaj Saib Xyuas:

(1) txhim kho cov ntaub kua lus. Txhim kho qhov tiav;

(2) Txhim kho cov tshuaj tivthaiv ntau dua (tshwj xeeb yog cov ntaub npuag tshuaj fiber ntau);

(3) Txhim kho cov style, hu nkauj tuaj yeem ua ntaub npuag ua cov pob txha, yog pob txha.

Kev tsim

Nyob rau hauv kev tab kaum cov txheej txheem, lub warp yog raug kom muaj ntau dua kev sib txhuam thiab kev sib txhuam, uas yooj yim tawg. Txhawm rau kom txo cov warp tawg, txhim kho kev ua rau nws ua tau zoo thiab cov ntaub grey yuav tsum tau sozing warp yarn ua ntej warving. Cov muaj fiber ntau hauv cov xov paj thiab tuav ua ke, thiab tsim cov suab nkauj slurry nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov xov paj, yog li txhim kho lub zog tawg thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm cov yarn.

Distizing lub hom phiaj: Tom qab sizing, cov slurry penetrates rau hauv fibers thiab ib nrab txuas rau saum npoo ntawm warp. Thaum txhim kho kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov xov paj, cov slurry ua rau cov dej khov thiab ua tiav cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom siv thiab ua kom tawg thiab ua rau cov khoom siv tsis yooj yim thiab ua kom tawg thiab ua tiav.

(1) Taw qhia rau cov neeg tsis sib thooj

Ntuj slurry: cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, cov pos hniav seaweed, pos hniav, thiab lwm yam.

Starch Khoom:

① Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm acid decomposition;

② Qhov xwm txheej ntawm Alkali kev ruaj khov, o;

③ Qhov xwm txheej ntawm oxidants tuaj yeem decomposed;

④ Los ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ua kom haum enzyme decomposition.

Tshuaj lom neeg slurry: cellulose derivatives xws li hydroxymetylcelleculose (cmc), polyacrylic Cawv (PvA), polyester, thiab lwm yam.

PVA cov khoom:

① ruaj khov rau cov kua qaub thiab puag, viscosity tsis txo qis;

② Nws yog degraded los ntawm oxidant.;

Kev siv tau ntau, kev sib xyaw zoo, tsis muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke

(2) feem ntau siv cov kev xav tsis tau

1. Alkaline Desizents

Ib qho ntawm feem ntau dav siv txoj kev siv nyob rau hauv dealic dying nroj tsuag, tab sis tus nqi desizing tsis yog siab, thiab lwm yam impurities tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm thaum tsim nyog.

Mechanism: kev siv sodium hydroxide dilute kev kho mob, kom cov slurry los ntawm kev ntxuav tshuaj thiab kev siv tshuaj ntxuav thiab tshuab ua haujlwm kom tshem nws. Rau pva thiab polyacrylate slurries, nws muaj peev xwm kom yaj sodium hydroxide nyob rau hauv dilute kev daws teeb meem.

(Starch) enzyme desizing

Cov enzymes tseem hu ua enzymes, biocatalysts.

Nta: Qhov kev tiv thaiv siab, tsis raug mob fiber ntau, tsuas yog rau cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm impurities.

Nta: a. High efficiency. b. Qhov Tshwj Xeeb: Ib qho enzyme tuaj yeem ntxuav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsuas yog lossis qee yam tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb. c. Cov kev ua si cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kub thiab tus nqi PH.

Rau cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab slurries lossis hmoov txhuv nplej siab sib xyaw slurries (cov ntsiab lus hmoov nplej yog qhov tseem ceeb), amylase tuaj yeem siv rau kev tiv thaiv.

Acid desizing

Cov ntawv thov hauv tsev tsis ntau, vim tias siv tau yooj yim rau kev puas tsuaj, ntau dua nrog lwm txoj kev. Txoj kev ob-kauj ruam yog saws: alkali desizing - acid desization. Cov kua qaub pov tseg tuaj yeem ua rau cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, tshem cov ntxhia ntsev thiab ua rau txhua lwm yam ..

Oxidation desization

Oxidizing tus neeg sawv cev: Nabro2 (Sodium bromite) H2O2, NA2S2O8, (NH4) 2S2O8, thiab lwm yam.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: tus neeg saib xyuas oxidizing tuaj yeem tiv thaiv txhua yam ntawm cov nplais, thiab cov dej khov kho tau nce, thiab tom qab ntawd hydrolyzate raug tshem tawm.

(1) Boiling

Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev npau npau yog kom tshem tawm cov fiber ntau impurities thiab txhim kho kev ua cov khoom ntawm cov ntaub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov wettability.

Ntuj impurities: rau cov kab mob ntshiab, feem ntau muaj cov kab mob sib kis, suav nrog cov roj ciab, pectin, cov hmoov tshauv, cov xim tshauv thiab cov xim av.

Cov khoom siv impurities: impurities xws li cov roj, tus tshuaj tiv thaiv tus neeg sawv cev thiab cov roj, xeb thiab weaving ua.

Cov impurities no cuam tshuam rau lub wettabtity ntawm cov ntaub thiab tabkaum qhov dyeing thiab ua tiav ntawm cov ntaub qhwv ntsej muag nrog sodium hydroxide ua lub ntsiab thiab surfactants li tus pab pawg.

(2) tshuaj dawb

Tom qab npau npau, feem ntau ntawm cov ntuj thiab khoom siv impurities nyob rauntaubraug tshem tawm, tab sis rau cov tshuaj dawb thiab cov xim zoo nkauj, tshuaj dawb kuj yuav tsum tau. Uas yog kom tshem tawm cov xim, txhim kho kom tawv tawv ua lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tshuaj dawb.

Tshuaj Fiber tsis muaj xim pigment, tom qab boiling tau dawb heev, thiab whiteness yog tsis zoo, yog li dawb yog rau ntuj impurities ntawm cov paj rwb.

(3) tshuaj dawb

Hom Oxidation: Sodium Hypochlorite, Hydrogen Peroxide thiab Sodium Chlorite, thiab lwm yam.

Txo: Naho3 thiab Kev tuav pov hwm hmoov, thiab lwm yam, tsuas yog siv rau cov protein fiber fiber.

(4) Sodium hypochlorite tshuaj dawb:

Sodium hypochlorite tshuaj dawb feem ntau yog siv rau kev ua kom dawb rwb cov ntaub thiab qee zaum tseem siv rau kev ua kom dawb huv cov ntaub qhwv cov ntsej muag. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tuaj yeem siv rau kev ua kom dawb protein ntau xws li lo lo ntxhuav thiab cov ntaub so, thiab ua rau cov kab mob ua kom muaj protein, thiab ua rau cov hmoov av daj thiab ua kom puas tsuaj. Hauv cov txheej txheem tshuaj dawb, ntxiv rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov xim ua kom muaj kev puas tsuaj, yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo li cov tsos zoo thiab zoo hauv sab hauv yog tsim nyog.

Sodium Hyprochlorite yog qhov yooj yim rau kev tsim khoom, qis dua cov khoom siv hypochlorite, yog li maj mam hloov los ntawm hydrogen peroxide.

(5) Hydrogen Peroxide Hydrogen Fleksing H2O2:

Hydrogen Peroxide, tseem hu ua hydrogen peroxide, muaj cov mis molecular h2o2. Hydrogen Peroxide Hydrogen ua kom dawb yog hu ua oxygen tshuaj dawb. Qhov ruaj khov ntawm hydrogen peroxide daws yog tsis zoo nyob rau hauv alkaline tej yam kev mob. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kev lag luam hydrogen peroxide tsis muaj zog acidic.

Npuag tshuaj dawb nrog hydrogen peroxide muaj zoo whiteness muaj zoo whiteness, xim ntshiab, thiab tsis yooj yim rau yellowing thaum khaws cia. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub npuag ntaub npuag. Cov pa luam yeeb oxygen muaj kev yoog raws li chlorine tus nqi, tab sis kev haus oxygen yuav tsum tau sorium hypocigite yuav tsum tau loj dua, tus nqi yog siab dua chlorine tshuaj dawb.

Tam sim no, qhib-dav chav dej tshuaj dawb txoj kev siv ntau dua hauv kev luam ntawv thiab zas ua haujlwm. Cov qauv no muaj cov qib siab txuas ntxiv, kev siv tshuab thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo, cov txheej txheem ntws tawm yooj yim thiab tsis ua cov dej qias neeg.

5. Kev Lom Zem (Cov Paj Ntsej)

Textiles nyob rau hauv qee lub xeev ntawm nro, nrog kev pab los ntawm concentrated caustic dej qab zib, thiab tswj hwm qhov uas yuav tsum tau muaj, tuaj yeem tau txais cov txheej txheem ntsiag to, cov txheej txheem no yog hu ua moturalization.

(1) Lub Hom Phiaj Ntawm Mercerization:

A.Inprove lub npoo npoo thiab hnov ​​ntawm cov ntaub, vim tias off ntawm lub fiber ntau, thiab kev xav txog lub teeb yog ntau dua, yog li txhim kho cov gloss.
B.Yog tus nqi ntawm cov xim dyeing tom qab ua tiav, cov xim muaj zog tshaj, thiab thaj chaw brillianous nce ntxiv, nyob rau tib lub sijhawm nce cov tuag pem hauv ntej npog lub zog.
C.To txhim kho sab nraud muaj zog tau ua tiav cov kev tsim tawm, muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov kev xav tau zoo thiab luam ntawv ib nrab-thiab ib nrab. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tom qab kev lom zem, qhov kev ruaj ntseg ntawm ntaub nthuav tawm deformation tau zoo heev ntxiv, yog li muaj kev txo qis tus nqi shrinkage ntawm cov ntaub.

6. Kev ua kom zoo, ua ntej-shrinking (tshuaj fiber ntau npuag)

The purpose of refining pre-shrinking is mainly to remove the oil, slurry and dirt adsorbated on the fabric (fiber) during weaving storage and transportation, and at the same time, some oligomers on the fiber can also be dissolved in high temperature refining. Cov ntaub npog grey yuav tsum tau ua ntej-shrunk ua ntej tus nqi ntawm alkali, thiab cov additives xws li olein thiab caustic dej qab zib yuav tsum tau ntxiv. Pretreatment ntawm cov ntaub npuag tshuaj fiber ntau yog nqa tawm hauv qhov kub thiab txias thiab kub siab lub cav.

7.Lali Txo (Tshuaj Fiber Fiber Ntim)

(1) txoj ntsiab cai thiab cov nyhuv ntawm alkali txo

Alkali txo kev kho mob yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho polyester npuag hauv qhov kub thiab txias thiab muaj cov ceg tawv nqaij tawv nqaij lye. Polyester Fiber yog hydrolyzed thiab tawg los ntawm ester moleceries aquely aque kua, thiab thaum kawg dej-sololthalate thiab ethylene glycol yog tsim. Cov cuab yeej txo cov khoom siv alkali suav nrog tshuab txiav plaub hau, txuas ntxiv txo cov tshuab, sib quas txo cov tshuab peb yam, tshwj tsis yog txeej ntxaum tshuab; Nruam thiab sib quas ntus txo cov tshuab tuaj yeem rov qab tau txais cov lye uas tseem tshuav. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov tsos ntawm cov duab thiab qhov loj me rau qee cov txheej txheem alkali, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ntxiv cov txheej txheem ua ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd nkag mus rau cov txheej txheem dyeing.